Sequence Data Types

Lists (Mutable Sequences)

A list is an ordered sequence data type that is mutable, meaning unlike strings, you can change, add, or remove items after the list has been created.

Indexing: Lists use zero-based indexing to access items.
Methods: Built-in functions like append(), insert(), remove(), and pop() let us modify list contents easily.

Strings (Immutable Sequences)

Strings and lists share a lot in common because both are sequence data types, meaning they are ordered collections where you can access items by index.

However, there is one major difference: Strings are immutable, meaning once you create a string, you cannot change, add, or remove characters in-place like you can with a list. Instead, you create new strings.

A string is an ordered sequence of characters. Just like lists, strings use zero-based indexing to access individual characters, but they do not allow direct modification of their contents.

Tuples (Immutable Ordered Sequences)

A tuple is an ordered sequence data type, very similar to a list, with one major difference: tuples are immutable. Once a tuple is created, you cannot change, add, or remove its items.

Syntax: Tuples are defined using parentheses () instead of square brackets [].
Use Case: Tuples are used when data should remain constant (read-only) throughout your program, protecting it from accidental changes.

Coding Assignment: The Interactive To-Do List Manager

Scenario: You want to build a command-line task management tool that lets users organize their daily tasks.

Your program needs to:

Display a menu with options to View, Add, Modify, Delete, and Exit.
Keep the program running continuously using a while loop until the user chooses to exit.
Use Python's match-case statement to route the user's command to the correct feature.
Manage tasks using a list with methods like .append(), .insert(), and .pop()

Menu Explained

View (Option 1): Displays all current tasks in order using a for loop with enumerate().
Add (Option 2): Adds a task to the end using .append() or at a specific position using .insert().
Modify (Option 3): Updates an existing task using direct index assignment (tasks[index] = new_text).
Delete (Option 4): Removes a task from the list using .pop(index).
Exit (Option 5): Breaks out of the while loop to terminate the program gracefully.

Sample Output:

📝 Welcome to Your Interactive To-Do List Manager! 📝

=========================

MAIN MENU

=========================

1. View Tasks

2. Add Task

3. Modify Task

4. Delete Task

5. Exit

=========================

Enter your choice (1-5): 1

📭 Your to-do list is currently empty!

Enter your choice (1-5): 2

Enter the task description: Buy groceries

Do you want to add it at a specific position? (yes/no): no

✅ Task added successfully!

Enter your choice (1-5): 2

Enter the task description: Finish Python tutorial

Do you want to add it at a specific position? (yes/no): yes

Enter position number (1 to 2): 1

✅ Task inserted at position 1!

Enter your choice (1-5): 1

📋 Your Current Tasks:

1. Finish Python tutorial

2. Buy groceries

Enter your choice (1-5): 4

Current Tasks:

1. Finish Python tutorial

2. Buy groceries

Enter the task number you want to delete: 2

🗑️ Removed task: 'Buy groceries'

Enter your choice (1-5): 1

📋 Your Current Tasks:

1. Finish Python tutorial

Enter your choice (1-5): 5

👋 Goodbye! Stay productive and have a great day! 🚀

Solution

Coding Assignment: The RGB Color Palette Manager

Write a Python program that stores a pre-defined list of color records.Each color record contains fixed information: a descriptive name and its exact RGB (Red, Green, Blue) code values.

Your task is to write a Python program that:

Stores each color using tuples (name, red, green, blue) because color values are fixed constants and should never be accidentally modified.
Collects multiple color tuples inside a list to form the complete brand palette.
Uses a for loop with for loop with enumerate() and tuple unpacking to neatly display each color's details.

Expected Output:

Brand Color Palette:

----------------------------------------

1: Emerald Green

Red: 46, Green: 139, Blue: 87

----------------------------------------

2: Sunset Orange

Red: 255, Green: 107, Blue: 107

----------------------------------------

3: Ocean Blue

Red: 78, Green: 205, Blue: 196

----------------------------------------

Solution

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